Scientific background: SCOFF
About this test
The SCOFF was developed in 1999 by Morgan, Reid, and Lacey in a British primary-care sample and published in the BMJ. In the original study, a threshold of two or more "yes" answers correctly identified roughly 85-100% of people with a diagnosed eating disorder (sensitivity), with similarly high specificity. SCOFF has since been translated into numerous languages and validated internationally. As a pure brief screen, it can produce false positives and false negatives and doesn't replace a thorough evaluation.
Dimensions
SCOFF Score
Number of "yes" answers (0–5).
Sources & license
Morgan, J. F., Reid, F., & Lacey, J. H. (1999). The SCOFF questionnaire: Assessment of a new screening tool for eating disorders. BMJ, 319(7223), 1467–1468.
The five SCOFF questions were published in full in the original article. No explicit open-access or reuse license statement could be verified on the article itself (it predates BMJ's modern open-access licensing) -- but the questions are ubiquitously reproduced verbatim with citation across health services, hospitals, and public-health screening toolkits worldwide as well-established clinical practice. Item wording was verified verbatim against the original BMJ article, including the original British "one stone" (~6.35 kg) unit in item 3.